Medicamentos para neumonía
Estos son los medicamentos que KitCal reúne para neumonía. La elección depende de la edad, la gravedad, el germen o la causa, y de las guías locales.
Código CIE-10 de referencia: J18.9 .
Dosis de cada medicamento
Dosis por kilo de peso tal como figuran en KitCal. En la app se ingresa el peso y se obtiene la dosis en mg y el volumen a administrar.
Amoxicilina
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarabe Oral 125mg/5cc · 250mg/5cc · 500mg/5cc | Infecciones Comunes30 - 50 mg/kg x día | cada 8 horas | 2625mg |
| Otitis Media Aguda80 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2625mg | |
| Tableta Oral 250mg · 500mg · 875mg | Infecciones Comunes30 - 50 mg/kg x día | cada 8 horas | 2625mg |
| Otitis Media Aguda80 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2625mg |
Ceftriaxona
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vial Endovenosa; Intramuscular 250mg · 500mg · 1000mg · 2000mg | Por defecto20 - 80 mg/kg x día | cada 12 - 24 horas | — |
| Meningitis100 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | — | |
| Otitis media aguda50 mg/kg x dosis | — | — |
Cloranfenicol
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarabe Oral 125mg/5cc · 250mg/5cc | Recién nacido <7 días25 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2000mg |
| Recién nacido >7 días50 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2000mg | |
| Lactante-Niño50-100 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000mg | |
| Cápsula Oral 250mg · 500mg | Lactante-Niño50-100 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000 mg |
| Vial Endovenosa; Intramuscular 1000mg | Recién nacido <7 días25mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 4000mg |
| Recién nacido >7 días50mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 4000mg | |
| Lactante-Niño50-100mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 4000mg | |
| Meningitis100mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 4000mg |
Puede causar depresión medular y aplasia
Dosis máxima: VO 2g/día
Puede causar depresión medular y aplasia
Dosis máxima: EV 4g/día
Penicilina G Sódica
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vial Intramuscular; Endovenosa 1000000UI | RN < 7 días100000UI/kg x día | cada 12 horas | — |
| RN > 7 días100000-200000UI/kg x día | cada 8 horas | — | |
| Lactante-Niño50000-400000UI/kg x día | cada 4 - 6 horas | — | |
| Neumonía200000UI/kg x día | cada 6 horas | — |
Meningitis: 300000 - 400000 UI/kg por día.
Penicilina Procaínica
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vial Intramuscular 500000UI · 1000000UI | 30000 - 50000 UI/kg x día | cada 12 - 24 horas | — |
Vancomicina
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frasco Intravenosa 500mg · 1000mg | RN < 7 días15 mg/kg x dosis | cada 12 horas | — |
| RN > 7 días15 mg/kg x dosis | cada 8 horas | — | |
| Niño-Adolescente30 - 60 mg/kg x día | cada 6 - 8 horas | — |
Fuentes
Ver las 44 referencias de estos medicamentos
- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines – 23rd List, 2023 [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2023 [citado 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2023.02
- Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, Gerber MA, Kaplan EL, Lee G, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov 15;55(10):1279-82. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis847. PMID: 23091044.
- Gillies M, Ranakusuma A, Hoffmann T, Thorning S, McGuire T, Glasziou P, et al. Common harms from amoxicillin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials for any indication. CMAJ. 2015 Jan 6;187(1):E21-31. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.140848. PMID: 25404399; PMCID: PMC4284189.
- Llor C, Bjerrum L. Antimicrobial resistance: risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014 Dec;5(6):229-41. doi: 10.1177/2042098614554919. PMID: 25436105; PMCID: PMC4232501.
- Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A; High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians and for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Adults: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Mar 15;164(6):425-34. doi: 10.7326/M15-1840. PMID: 26785402.
- Gottlieb M, DeMott JM, Hallock M, Peksa GD. Systemic Antibiotics for the Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue Abscesses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Jan;73(1):8-16. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.02.011. PMID: 29548705.
- Roberts RM, Albert AP, Johnson DD. Amoxicillin-Associated Exanthem in Patients With Infectious Mononucleosis: A Systematic Review. Ann Pharmacother. 2022 Mar;56(3):341-348. doi: 10.1177/10600280211031331. PMID: 34328080.
- Tansarli GS, Mylonakis E. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Jun 26;62(7):e00635-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00635-18. PMID: 29712652; PMCID: PMC6021699.
- Kaye KS, Gupta V, Mulgirigama A, Joshi AV, Scangarella-Oman NE, Yu K, et al. Antimicrobial Resistance Trends in Urinary Tract Infections Isolated in European Emergency Departments: Results from the EMERGEncy ID Net Study (2018-2020). Infect Dis Ther. 2022 Dec;11(6):2087-2102. doi: 10.1007/s40121-022-00691-z. PMID: 36076109; PMCID: PMC9630004.
- Public Health England. Management of infection guidance for primary care for consultation and local adaptation: 2020 update [Internet]. London: PHE; 2020 [citado 2024]. Disponible en: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/951574/Management_of_infection_guidance_for_primary_care_2020_update.pdf
- World Health Organization. Web Annex A: Evidence-to-decision framework and systematic review to update the WHO treatment recommendations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. En: Updated recommendations for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum (syphilis), and new recommendations on syphilis testing and partner services [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2024 [consultado 17 Feb 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK605892/
- Brust-Sisti L, Sturgill M, Cohen J, Monil T, Suda KJ, Raman V, et al. Comparative Efficacy of High- and Low-Dose Ceftriaxone Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Pharmacother. 2025 Jul 27:10600280251346777. doi: 10.1177/10600280251346777. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40876848.
- Miari VF, Messina Mosoff J, Chico RM. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Treatment Failures. Sex Transm Dis. 2025 May;52(5):279-284. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002116.
- Hu C, Li G, Chen D, Li Y, Tan Z, Gao F. Antibiotic for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Respir Med. 2025 Aug;244:108168. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108168. Epub 2025 Jun 18. PMID: 39516189
- Somakumar S, Anbu Raj SE, Rodrigues GS, Rajesh V. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Ceftriaxone in Surgical Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Indian J Pharm Educ Res. 2024 Apr 1;58(2):s332-s339.
- Tsai D, Zam BB, Tongs C, Chiong F, Sajiv C, Pawar B, et al. Validating a novel three-times-weekly post-hemodialysis ceftriaxone regimen in infected Indigenous Australian patients-a population pharmacokinetic study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2023 Aug 1;78(8):2024-2032. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkad202. PMID: 37367723.
- Ceftriaxone [Internet]. PharmaKB; [consultado 17 Feb 2026]. Disponible en: https://app.pharmakb.com/drugs/Ceftriaxone
- Yung CH, Chow SC, Buchan J, Shih KC. The public health impact of making chloramphenicol an over-the-counter antibiotic: a systematic literature review. Int Ophthalmol. 2025;45(1):452. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-025-03796-9. PMID: 41160219.
- Igere BE, Ekundayo TC, Nwodo UU, Onoh CC. Phenicol antibiotic resistance status amongst environmental non-O1 on-O139 Vibrio cholerae and Clinical O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae strains: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Microbe. 2025;8:100474. DOI: 10.1016/j.microb.2025.100474.
- Altafi M, Zamani S, Hosseini SM, Gholami M, Sadeghi A, Tabatabaei SM. Antimicrobial Resistance of Environmental V. cholerae Non-O1/O139 Isolates: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2025;25(5):e18715265294870. DOI: 10.2174/0118715265294870241002091842. PMID: 39440733.
- Eliakim-Raz N, Lador A, Leibovici-Weissman Y, Elbaz M, Paul M, Leibovici L. Efficacy and safety of chloramphenicol: Joining the revival of old antibiotics? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70(4):979-96. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku530. PMID: 25535220.
- American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea/External Disease Preferred Practice Panel. Conjunctivitis. In: Cornea/external disease preferred practice pattern. San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2023. p. 134-204.
- Joint Formulary Committee. British National Formulary 85: March-September 2023. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2023.
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 35th ed. CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2025.
- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines – 24th List [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2025 [consultado 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2025.02
- Sandoz Inc. Penicillin G Sodium (penicillin G sodium) injection, powder, for solution [Internet]. FDA DailyMed. Bethesda (MD): U.S. National Library of Medicine; 2025 Oct 31 [citado 2026 Feb 16]. Disponible en: https://www.medthority.com/fda/p/penicillin-g-sodium/penicillin-g-sodium-penicillin-g-sodium-5000000-uspu1-sandoz-inc
- American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). Penicillin G Potassium, Penicillin G Sodium Monograph. En: Drugs.com [Internet]. Auckland: Drugs.com; 2025 Sep 22 [actualizado 2025 Sep 22; citado 2026 Feb 16]. Disponible en: https://www.drugs.com/monograph/penicillin-g-potassium-penicillin-g-sodium.html
- Healthy Blue of North Carolina. Parenteral Antibiotics for the Treatment of Lyme Disease (CG-MED-98) [Internet]. Clinical UM Guideline. Chapel Hill (NC): Healthy Blue; 2026 Jan 6 [citado 2026 Feb 16]. Disponible en: https://provider.healthybluenc.com/medpolicies/healthybluenc/active/gl_pw_e003382.html
- Birru EM, Alene KA, Manning L, Batty KT, Moore BR. Severe adverse reactions to benzathine penicillin G in rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2025;20(5):e0322873. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322873. PMID: 39951525; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11828345.
- Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I, et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021;70(4):1-187. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines eurosyphilis.htm
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Products Approved for Anthrax [Internet]. Silver Spring: FDA; [actualizado periódicamente; citado 16 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/bioterrorism-and-drug-preparedness/products-approved-anthrax
- U.S. Government Publishing Office. 21 CFR 526.1698 - Penicillin G procaine and novobiocin. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 [Internet]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office; última revisión 18 diciembre 2025 [citado 16 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.customsmobile.com/regulations/title21_chapterI-i5_part526_section526.1698
- Tulane University School of Medicine. Penicillin G Procaine. En: Pharmacology Wiki [Internet]. Nueva Orleans: TUSOM; última actualización 12 enero 2026 [citado 16 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/penicillin_g_procaine
- RxList. Penicillin G Procaine (Pfizerpen) [Internet]. 2024 [citado 16 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.rxlist.com/penicillin-g-procaine-drug.htm
- Vanderah TW, editor. Beta-Lactam & Other Cell Wall- & Membrane-Active Antibiotics. En: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 16th ed. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill / Lange; 2024.
- Rybak MJ, Le J, Lodise TP, Levine DP, Bradley JS, Liu C, et al. Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin for serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A revised consensus guideline and review by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2020;77(11):835-864. doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxaa036.
- Salimi M, Keshtkar A, Abdelnaser MK, Mosalamiaghili SA, Saka N, Parvizi J. Effect of Vancomycin Powder in Reducing Infection After Primary and Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty and Its Complications: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis. J Arthroplasty. 2025; publicada online el 28 de octubre de 2025. doi:10.1016/j.arth.2025.10.053.
- Daher M, Nassar JE, McDonald CL, Diebo BG, Daniels AH. Does the Application of Topical Vancomycin Reduce Surgical Site Infections in Spine Surgery? A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2024; publicado online el 12 de julio de 2024. doi:10.1097/CORR.0000000000003179.
- Kowalewski M, Kolodziejczak MM, Urbanowicz T, De Piero ME, Mariani S, Pasierski M, et al. Regional antibiotic delivery for sternal wound infection prophylaxis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):9690. Publicado el 27 de abril de 2024. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-59990-7.
- Ferreira da Silva C, Alves G, Anjos C. Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring and population pharmacokinetic models in special patient subpopulations. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2025;13(3):e70078. doi:10.1002/prp2.70078.
- Zhang T, Krekels EHJ, Smit C, Knibbe CAJ. How to Dose Vancomycin in Overweight and Obese Patients with Varying Renal (Dys)function in the Novel Era of AUC 400-600 mg·h/L-Targeted Dosing. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2024;63(1):79-91. doi:10.1007/s40262-023-01329-2.
- El Hassan M, El Darsa H, Al Hammoud A, Elsamny S, Al-Dorzi HM, Arabi YM. Efficacy and Safety of Topical Vancomycin for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in Spinal Surgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. World Neurosurg. 2026;188:124829. Publicado online el 22 de enero de 2026. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2026.01.044.
- Ye ZK, Chen K, Chen YL, Zhai SD. A protocol for developing a clinical practice guideline for therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin. Curr Med Sci. 2016;36(3):469-472. doi:10.1007/s11596-016-1610-y.
- Dodson V, Majmundar N, Swantic V, Assina R. The effect of prophylactic vancomycin powder on infections following spinal surgeries: a systematic review. Neurosurg Focus. 2019;46(1):E11. doi:10.3171/2018.10.FOCUS18470.
Preguntas frecuentes
¿Qué medicamentos se usan para neumonía?
KitCal reúne 6 medicamentos para neumonía: Amoxicilina, Ceftriaxona, Cloranfenicol, Penicilina G Sódica, Penicilina Procaínica y Vancomicina. La elección depende de la edad, la gravedad y las guías locales.
¿Cuál es la dosis de amoxicilina para neumonía?
Amoxicilina (Jarabe): 30 - 50 mg/kg x día, cada 8 horas. Dosis máxima: 2625mg. Con el peso del paciente, KitCal calcula la dosis y el volumen exactos.
¿Cómo se calcula la dosis por peso?
Se multiplica la dosis por kilo por el peso del paciente y se divide según la frecuencia indicada, sin superar la dosis máxima. Después se convierte a volumen según la concentración de la presentación. La app de KitCal hace este cálculo automáticamente.
¿Cuál es el código CIE-10 de neumonía?
El código CIE-10 de referencia es J18.9.
Otras patologías
Contenido referencial para profesionales de la salud. No reemplaza el juicio clínico ni la evaluación del paciente.