Medicamentos para tos ferina
Estos son los medicamentos que KitCal reúne para tos ferina. La elección depende de la edad, la gravedad, el germen o la causa, y de las guías locales.
Código CIE-10 de referencia: A37.9.
Dosis de cada medicamento
Dosis por kilo de peso tal como figuran en KitCal. En la app se ingresa el peso y se obtiene la dosis en mg y el volumen a administrar.
Azitromicina
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarabe Oral 200mg/5cc | 10 mg/kg x día | cada 24 horas (durante 3 días) | 500mg |
| Tableta Oral 500mg | 10 mg/kg x día | cada 24 horas (durante 3 días) | 500mg |
No administrar en insuficiencia hepática
Cloranfenicol
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarabe Oral 125mg/5cc · 250mg/5cc | Recién nacido <7 días25 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2000mg |
| Recién nacido >7 días50 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2000mg | |
| Lactante-Niño50-100 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000mg | |
| Cápsula Oral 250mg · 500mg | Lactante-Niño50-100 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000 mg |
| Vial Endovenosa; Intramuscular 1000mg | Recién nacido <7 días25mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 4000mg |
| Recién nacido >7 días50mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 4000mg | |
| Lactante-Niño50-100mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 4000mg | |
| Meningitis100mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 4000mg |
Puede causar depresión medular y aplasia
Dosis máxima: VO 2g/día
Puede causar depresión medular y aplasia
Dosis máxima: EV 4g/día
Codeína
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarabe Oral 10.9mg/5cc · 7.5mg/5cc | Analgésico0.5 - 1 mg/kg x dosis | cada 4 - 6 horas | — |
| Antitusígeno0.25 - 0.5mg/kg x dosis | cada 12 horas | — | |
| Ampolla Intramuscular 60mg/2ml | Analgésico0.5 - 1 mg/kg x dosis | cada 4 - 6 horas | — |
| Antitusígeno0.25 - 0.5mg/kg x dosis | cada 12 horas | — |
Contraindicado en menores de 2 años
Dextrometorfano
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gotas Oral 15mg/1cc | 1 mg/kg x dosis | cada 6 - 8 horas | 60mg |
| Jarabe Oral 15mg/5cc | 1 mg/kg x dosis | cada 6 - 8 horas | 60mg |
| Gragea Oral 15mg | 1 mg/kg x dosis | cada 6 - 8 horas | 60mg |
Eritromicina
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tableta Oral 250mg · 500mg · 600mg | Lactante-Niño30 - 50 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000 mg |
| Profilaxis de fiebre reumática500 mg. x dosis | Cada 12 horas; profilaxis de FR | — | |
| Cápsula Oral 250 mg | Lactante-Niño30 - 50 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000 mg |
| Profilaxis de fiebre reumática500 mg. x dosis | Cada 12 horas; profilaxis de FR | — | |
| Jarabe Oral 125mg/5cc · 400mg/5cc | Recién nacido20 - 40 mg/kg x día | cada 12 horas | 2000 mg |
| LactanteNiño30 - 50 mg/kg x día | cada 6 horas | 2000 mg | |
| Profilaxis de Fiebre Reumática500 mg. x dosis | Cada 12 horas; profilaxia de FR | — |
Dosis Máxima: 2g x día
Fenobarbital
| Presentación | Dosis | Frecuencia | Dosis máxima |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ampolla Endovenosa 200mg/2cc | D.I. Anticonvulsivante10-20mg/kg x dosis | — | 200mg |
| D.M. Anticonvulsivante4-6mg/kg x día | cada 8-12 horas | 200mg | |
| Estatus epiléptico10mg/kg x día | cada 20-30 horas | 200mg | |
| D.U. Ictericia neonatal4-6mg/kg x dosis | Dosis única | 200mg | |
| Tableta Oral 100mg | D.M. anticonvulsivante4 - 6 mg/kg x día | cada 8 - 12 horas | 200mg |
Dosis máxima: 200 mg/dosis y/o 600mg/día
Sobredosis produce depresión respiratoria e hipotensión
D.I. Anticonvulsivante: EV lento (50 mg en 2 a 3 min)
D.U. Ictericia neonatal: Intramuscular (dosis)
Dosis máxima: 200 mg/dosis y/o 600mg/día
Sobredosis produce depresión respiratoria e hipotensión
Fuentes
Ver las 55 referencias de estos medicamentos
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- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 35th ed. CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2025.
- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines – 24th List [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2025 [consultado 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2025.02
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA restricts use of prescription codeine pain and cough medicines and tramadol pain medicines in children; recommends against use in breastfeeding women [Internet]. Silver Spring: FDA; 2018 [actualizado 20 abril 2018; consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-restricts-use-prescription-codeine-pain-and-cough-medicines-and
- European Medicines Agency (EMA). Codeine not to be used in children for pain and cough [Internet]. Ámsterdam: EMA; 2015 [consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en ews/codeine-not-be-used-children-pain-cough
- Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS). Codeína: nuevas restricciones de uso en población pediátrica y en mujeres durante la lactancia [Internet]. Madrid: AEMPS; 2015 [consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.aemps.gob.es/informa otasinformativas/medicamentosusohumano-3/seguridad-1/2015 i-muh_fv_06-codeina/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA Drug Safety Communication: Safety review update of codeine use in children; new Boxed Warning and Contraindication on use after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy [Internet]. Silver Spring: FDA; 2013 [consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-safety-review-update-codeine-use-children-new-boxed-warning-and
- Gardiner SJ, Chang AB, Marchant JM, Petsky HL. Codeine versus placebo for chronic cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;7(7):CD011914. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011914.pub2.
- Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for acute cough in children and adults in community settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(11):CD001831. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub5
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- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Guidelines on the pharmacological treatment of persisting pain in children with medical illnesses [Internet]. Ginebra: WHO; 2012 [consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241548120
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- Ashwin JV, Shahi MK, Singh A, Kumar ST. Efficacy and safety of dextromethorphan–bupropion combination (AXS-05) in the treatment of depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Indian J Pharmacol. 2025;57(4):262-268. DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_907_24. Disponible en: https://journals.lww.com/iphr/fulltext/2025/07000/efficacy_and_safety_of_dextromethorphan_bupropion.9.aspx
- Tariq I, Muneer MA, Zulfiqar E, Hurjkaliani S, Jaffery I, Saaki SS, et al. Efficacy of Various Doses of Dextromethorphan/Quinidine to Treat Pseudobulbar Affect in MS and ALS: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. Neurology. 2025;104(7_Supplement_1):4732. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000211876. Disponible en: https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000211876
- Bateman MT Jr, Smith JA, Williams RD, et al. Guaifenesin and dextromethorphan for management of cough and mucus-related cold symptoms in adults: a narrative literature review. Postgrad Med. 2025;137(8):741-755. DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2025.2603034
- Schifano F, Chiappini S, Miuli A, Mosca A, Santovito MC, Corkery JM, et al. Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs' Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. 2021. Disponible en: https://unicamillus.iris.cineca.it/handle/20.500.14245/328
- Chen H, Zhang L, Wang Y, et al. Dextromethorphan as an Opioid-Sparing Analgesic in Postoperative Pain. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2025;48(3):112-120. DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000625.
- Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base (PharmGKB). Dextromethorphan - CPIC Guideline for codeine and dextromethorphan. Stanford University; 2025.
- ClinicalTrials.gov. Efficacy and Safety of AXS-05 in Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease. Identifier NCT04797793. National Library of Medicine; 2025.
- Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention [Internet]. GINA; 2025 [consultado 17 febrero 2026]. Disponible en: https://ginasthma.org/2025-gina-main-report/
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- Sohail A, Kainat A, Tareen S, Khan MS, Tariq SS, Patel P, et al. Pre-endoscopy erythromycin versus metoclopramide for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clin Endosc. 2025 Nov;58(6):831-842. doi: 10.5946/ce.2024.351.
- Nakamura K, Fujita Y, Chen H, Somekawa K, Kashizaki F, Koizumi H, et al. The effectiveness and safety of long-term macrolide therapy for COPD in stable status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diseases. 2023;11(4):152. doi: 10.3390/diseases11040152.
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- Shabani A, Pourshafie E, Goudarzi N, Pouri N, Mohammadi MM, Beigmohammadi M, et al. Global trends in macrolide and lincosamide resistance in Streptococcus species: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. SpringerMedizin. 2025 Dec 1. doi: 10.1007/s00000-025-00000-0.
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- Phenobarbital Oral Solution: package insert / prescribing information [Internet]. Tampa (FL): RxDrugLabels.com (Ajenat Pharmaceuticals); 2025 Sep [citado 2026 Feb 12]. Disponible en: https://rxdruglabels.com/lib/rx/rx-meds/phenobarbital-oral-solution-1/page/3/
- Phenobarbital, Hyoscyamine Sulfate, Atropine Sulfate and Scopolamine Hydrobromide Tablets: package insert / prescribing information [Internet]. Tampa (FL): Drugs.com; 2026 Ene 12 [actualizado 2026 Ene 12; citado 2026 Feb 12]. Disponible en: https://www.drugs.com/pro/phenobarbital-hyoscyamine-sulfate-atropine-sulfate-and-scopolamine-hydrobromide-tablets.html
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- Phenobarbital Sodium Injection [package insert]. 2026. (Contenido en referencia 1)
Preguntas frecuentes
¿Qué medicamentos se usan para tos ferina?
KitCal reúne 6 medicamentos para tos ferina: Azitromicina, Cloranfenicol, Codeína, Dextrometorfano, Eritromicina y Fenobarbital. La elección depende de la edad, la gravedad y las guías locales.
¿Cuál es la dosis de azitromicina para tos ferina?
Azitromicina (Jarabe): 10 mg/kg x día, cada 24 horas (durante 3 días). Dosis máxima: 500mg. Con el peso del paciente, KitCal calcula la dosis y el volumen exactos.
¿Cómo se calcula la dosis por peso?
Se multiplica la dosis por kilo por el peso del paciente y se divide según la frecuencia indicada, sin superar la dosis máxima. Después se convierte a volumen según la concentración de la presentación. La app de KitCal hace este cálculo automáticamente.
¿Cuál es el código CIE-10 de tos ferina?
El código CIE-10 de referencia es A37.9.
Otras patologías
Contenido referencial para profesionales de la salud. No reemplaza el juicio clínico ni la evaluación del paciente.